PD32 - 32 Channel Piezo Driver

Piezoelectric Drivers

 PD32 Users Manual

Calculate Power Bandwidth (Grounded Load)

Calculate Power Bandwidth (Floating Load)

 

Specifications:

Electrical Specifications
	Grounded Load	Floating Load
Output Voltage	+45 V to +130 V	+/-90 V to +/-130 V
Peak Current	150 mA per channel	75 mA per channel
RMS Current	106 mA per channel	53 mA per channel
Power Bandwidth	50 kHz (120Vp-p)	50 kHz (240 Vp-p)
Signal Bandwidth	120 kHz	120 kHz
Slew Rate	19 V/us	38 V/us
Gain	15 V/V	20 V/V
Input Impedance	53 kOhm	6.25 kOhm
Input Offset	+/- 5mV	+/- 5 mV
Load	Unlimited	Unlimited
Output Noise	200 uV RMS (1uF)	300 uV RMS (1uF)
Protection	Short circuit and thermal
Imputs	32 Analog inputs, shutdown command
Outputs	32 HV Analog outputs, overload monitor
Connectors	Industry standard DB-37 (input) and DD-78 (output)
Power	85 Vrms to 305 Vrms, 50 or 60 Hz, IEC C14 connector

Mechanical Specifications
Environment	0 - 40 C (32-104 F), Non-condensing humidity
Dimensions	212 x 304.8 x 88 mm (8.35 x 12 x 3.46 in)
Weight	2 kg (4.4 lb)

Features

The PD32 is a high-bandwidth, low-noise amplifier for driving up to 32 piezoelectric actuators. The voltage range is configurable from +45V to +/-130V and includes asymmetric voltage ranges such as 0V to +130V. The PD32 works seamlessly with common multi-channel DAC cards and is easy to use with LabView and Simulink. The compact size and 19-inch rack compatibility provides a comprehensive off-the-shelf solution for driving tens, hundreds, or thousands of piezoelectric actuators.

The PD32 is designed for demanding applications such as Adaptive Optics, Acoustic Beam Forming, Materials Testing, Astronomy, Ultrasonics, and Vibration Control. With an output current of 150mA per channel, a large array of piezoelectric actuators can be driven simultaneously at high frequencies. Positive and negative high-voltage bias outputs are also included for compatibility with piezoelectric bender actuators.

Each channel is individually protected against short circuit and thermal overload. Status indicators on the front panel provide individual monitoring of all channels. A digital status signal and external shutdown command is also accessible from the input connector to allow remote monitoring and control. The input and output connectors are industry standard 37 Pin D-Sub connectors which are straight-forward to assemble. Adaptors are available for industry standard 32 Channel DAC cards.

Compatible Actuators

Compatible Actuators
Stack Actuators	60V, 100V, 120V, 150V
Plates and Tubes	up to +/-130V
Two Wire Benders	up to +/-130V
Three Wire Benders	up to 130V, or +/-65V

Output Voltage Range

The output voltage range is configurable between +50V and +/-140V and the load can be either grounded or floating. For peak-to-peak voltages less than 140V, the grounded load configuration is recommended since this provides greater current. The floating load configuration is required for the +/-100V and +/-140V ranges. The desired configuration should be specified at the time of ordering.

Grounded Load Configurations

In the grounded load configurations, the actuator connections are illustrated below. The negative output is internally grounded.

 

The desired output voltage range can be selected from the following table.

Min Voltage	Max Voltage	Order Code
0	+130	PD32-V0,130
0	+120	PD32-V0,120
0	+95	PD32-V0,95
0	+70	PD32-V0,70
0	+45	PD32-V0,45
-15	+115	PD32-V15,115
-20	+95	PD32-V20,95
-45	+45	PD32-V45/45
-65	+65	PD32-V65,65

Three wire bender actuators can be driven using the following connection diagram. The HV+ and HV- bias voltages are the minimum and maximum voltages listed in the table above and are accessible on the output connector.

 

Floating Load Configurations

The floating load configuration is useful for achieving higher peak-to-peak voltage swings. The connection diagram is illustrated below. Do not connect either of these signals to ground, for example, to the ground terminal of an oscilloscope probe.

The desired output voltage range can be selected from the following table.

Min Voltage	Max Voltage	Order Code
-130	+130	PD32-V130,130
-95	+95	PD32-V95,95

Input Connection Diagram

The front panel input connector is a DB37 Female Connector (Amphenol L77SDC37SA4CH4F). This connector is also recommended for use on customer PCBs connecting to the PD32 via a male-male DB-37 cable (included). The input connection diagram is illustrated below.

Signals	Connector Pin	Notes
Analog Inputs 1 to 32	1 - 32	+/-10V max
Ground	33, 34
Not Connected	35
Digital disable command	36	3.3V or 5V logic
Overload indicator	37	5V logic

Output Connection Diagram

The front panel output connector is an industry standard DD78 Female Connector (Harting 09565527613). This connector is also recommended for use on customer PCBs connecting to the PD32 via a male-male DD-78 cable (included). The connection diagram is illustrated below.

Signals	Connector Pin	Notes
Outputs 1 to 16 (positive)	Pins 1 - 16
Ground	17, 20
HV+	18, 19	For driving benders
Outputs 1 to 16 (Negative)	21 - 36
Ground	37
HV-	38, 39	For driving benders
Outputs 17 to 32 (Positive)	40 - 55
Ground	56, 59
HV+	57, 58	For driving benders
Outputs 17 to 32 (Negative)	60 - 75
Ground	76
HV-	77, 78	For driving benders

 

Output Current

The peak output current is 150 mA per channel in the grounded load configuration or 75 mA per channel in the floating load configuration. The maximum RMS current is 106 mA in the grounded configuration and 53 mA in the floating load configuration.

The maximum output current from all channels is 3 Amps RMS.

Power Bandwidth

Calculate Power Bandwidth (Grounded Load)

Calculate Power Bandwidth (Floating Load)

The nominal slew-rate of the PD32 is 19 V/us. Therefore, the maximum frequency sine-wave is

That is, the power bandwidth for a 120 Vp-p sine-wave is 50 kHz. In the floating load configuration, the slew-rate is doubled to 38 V/us, therefore, the power bandwidth for a 240 Vp-p sine-wave is 50 kHz.

With a capacitive load, the power bandwidth is limited by the output current. The maximum frequency sine wave is

where I_pk is the peak current limit, V_L(p-p) is the peak-to-peak output voltage, and C_L is the effective load capacitance. The power bandwidth versus load capacitance is listed below.

Load	Peak to Peak Voltage (Grounded)
Cap	50	100V	130V
10 nF	95 kHz	47 kHz	34 kHz
30 nF	31 kHz	15 kHz	11 kHz
100 nF	9.5 kHz	4.7 kHz	3.4 kHz
300 nF	3.1 kHz	1.5 kHz	1.1 kHz
1 uF	950 Hz	470 Hz	340 Hz
3 uF	310 Hz	150 Hz	114 Hz
10 uF	96 Hz	48 Hz	34 Hz
30 uF	32 Hz	16 Hz	11 Hz

Load	Peak to Peak Voltage (Floating)
Cap	100	200V	260V
10 nF	23 kHz	11 kHz	8.5 kHz
30 nF	7.9 kHz	3.9 kHz	2.8 kHz
100 nF	2.3 kHz	1.1 kHz	850 Hz
300 nF	790 Hz	390 Hz	284 Hz
1 uF	230 Hz	119 Hz	85 Hz
3 uF	80 Hz	40 Hz	28 Hz
10 uF	24 Hz	12 Hz	9 Hz
30 uF	8 Hz	4 Hz	3 Hz

In the following figures, the maximum frequency periodic signal is plotted against the peak-to-peak voltage.

Small Signal Bandwidth

The small-signal bandwidth and frequency response is described in the following table and figure.

Load Cap.	Bandwidth
No Load	120 kHz
10 nF	90 kHz
30 nF	40 kHz
100 nF	11 kHz
300 nF	3.8 kHz
1 uF	1.0 kHz
3 uF	320 Hz
10 uF	62 Hz
30 uF	24 Hz

Overload Protection / Shutdown

Each channel is protected against short-circuit and thermal overload. If the thermal overload on any channel engages, the front panel indicator for that channel will illuminate. In addition, an overload on any channel will cause the overload signal (pin 37) on the input connector to go high (+5V).

The amplifier can also be disabled by applying a logic high (3.3V to 5V) to the disable pin (pin 36).

Enclosure / Rack Mounting

The PD32 has a side air intake and rear exhaust. These vents should not be obstructed. If sufficient air-flow is not available, the amplifier will enter a thermal overload state as discussed above.

A single PD32 amplifier can be mounted in 19-inch rack using the single rack kit which includes a spacer, fasteners, and mounting handles (Order code: SingleRackKit-2U). This can be ordered with the amplifier, or separately and retrofitted to any PD32 amplifier. Simple assembly is required.

Two PD32 amplifiers can be rack mounted in a side-by-side arrangement using the double rack kit which includes alternate side panels, fasteners, and mounting handles (DoubleRackKit-2U). This should be ordered with a set of two amplifiers; however, a retrofitting kit for existing amplifiers is available on request. Some assembly is required.

Input Test Connector and Cable

An adaptor PCB is supplied which connects all input channels to a single BNC connector. A 2.5ft DB37 (Male-Male) input cable is also supplied.

Breakout Board (PD32-Breakout)

A screw-terminal breakout board is included which connects to the amplifier via a Female DD78 connector (TE 5748483-5) and HD78 Male-Male cable (2.5 ft). If required, the board can be mounted onto a base structure using the installed M3 hex spacers.

 

Signal Adaptors

The signal adaptors allow a direct connection to common multi-channel DAC cards. Standard adaptors are listed below; however, custom adaptors can also be created.

Manufacturer	DAC Card	Signal Adaptor	Notes
Natlional Inst.	PCIe-6738 and PXIe-6738	PD-6738	Req. NI SHC68-68-A2 Cable
National Inst.	PCIe-6739 and PXIe-6739	PD-6738	Req. NI SHC68-68-A2 Cable
National Inst.	PCI-6723 and PXI-6723	PD-6723	Req. NI SHC68-68-A2 Cable

The adaptors are contained in a compact enclosure that is mounted inline with the PD32 input cable and DAC card output cable.

Standard Delivery Contents

• PD32 Amplifier with chosen configuration, e.g. PD32-V0,140
• Input Test PCB
• Output screw-terminal breakout board
• Input cable – DB37 Male-Male, 2.5ft (CS-DSDMDB37MM-002.5)
  Output cable – HD78 Male-Male, 2.5ft (CS-DSDHD78MM0-002.5)
• IEC C13 Power cable with suitable connector for shipping destination

Safety

This device produces hazardous potentials and should be used by suitably qualified personnel. Do not operate the device when there are exposed conductors.

Warranty

The PDC32 is guaranteed against manufacturer defects for a period of 12 months.

Previous Versions

Version 4, Revision 1, Manual (Shipped 01/02/2020 – 15/02/2024)